Evaluasi Terhadap Program Desa Cerdas di Kertagena Tengah Kabupaten Pamekasan dengan Perspektif Teori Strukturasi Adaptif (Studi Komunikasi Pembangunan Melalui Pendekatan Poststrukturalis)
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Published
Sep 12, 2024
Abstract
Penelitian ini berangkat dari pendekatan strukturalis yang identik melalui proyek modernis. Posisi peneliti berada di kritis poststrukturalis, yaitu pendekatan keempat dalam komunikasi pembangunan. Terdapat kesadaran perlunya pendekatan yang lebih partisipatif dalam program pemerintah. Sampai saat ini, program pemerintah yang bersifat top down masih mendominasi. Strategi yang digunakan biasanya dibuat oleh otoritas tertinggi lalu diteruskan ke tingkat yang lebih rendah. Program Desa Cerdas merupakah program inisiatif negara. Program ini di gagas oleh Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi (Kemendesa PDTT). Desa Cerdas secara nasional tidak partisipatoris. Stakeholders di Desa Kertagena Tengah melaksanakan dengan konsep pendekatan top-down. Namun disisi lain, berdasarkan hasil FGD, masyarakat menginginkan program-program pemerintah yang lebih partisipatif. Masyarakat dilibatkan dalam proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi bahkan pengembangan. Komunikasi partisipatif dapat mendukung keberlanjutan. Peneliti mengidentifikasi pengalaman dan pemahaman masyarakat desa tentang program Desa Cerdas di Kertagena Tengah Kabupaten Pamekasan. Temuan menunjukkan aspek-aspek lemah, karena adanya power dari pusat. Terdapat dualitas struktur yang bekerja dalam program Desa Cerdas. Posisi pemerintah menjadi salah satu entitas, bukan lagi dominan. Ditandai dengan munculnya kelompok-kelompok, struktur baru dalam program Desa Cerdas.
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How to Cite
Fitria, S. (2024) “Evaluasi Terhadap Program Desa Cerdas di Kertagena Tengah Kabupaten Pamekasan dengan Perspektif Teori Strukturasi Adaptif (Studi Komunikasi Pembangunan Melalui Pendekatan Poststrukturalis)”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 6(6), pp. 2408-2422. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v6i6.1022.
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Mumby, D. K. (1997). Modernism, postmodernism, and communication studies: A rereading of an ongoing debate. Communication Theory, 7(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1997.tb00140.x
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Tufte, T., & Mefalopulos, P. (2009). Perticipatoty Communication: A Practical Guide. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-8008-6
White, R. A. (2004). Is ‘Empowerment’ the Answer? Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands), 66(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549204039939
Wilkins, K. G. (1999). Development discourse on gender and communication in strategies for social change. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 46–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02781.x
Wilkins, K. G., & Mody, B. (2001). Reshaping development communication: Developing communication and communicating development. Communication Theory, 11(4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2001.tb00249.x
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Antoni. (2004). Riuhnya Persimpangan Itu: Profil dan Pemikiran Para Penggagas Kajian Ilmu Komunikasi. Tiga Serangkai.
Asrinaldi, & Yusoff, M. A. (2023). Power consolidation and its impact on the decline of democracy in Indonesia under President Jokowi. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2232579
Beltrán, L. R. (2008). Development Communication: Latin America. The International Encyclopedia of Communication. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405186407.wbiecd024
Canary, H. E., & Tarin, C. A. (2017). Structuration Theory. The International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118955567.wbieoc197
Chitranshi, B., & Dhar, A. (2018). Rethinking Development Communication. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.618
De Zúñiga, H. G., Diehl, T., Huber, B., & Liu, J. H. (2019). The citizen communication mediation model across countries: A multilevel mediation model of news use and discussion on political participation. Journal of Communication, 69(2), 144–167. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqz002
DeSanctis, G., & Poole, M. S. (1994). Capturing the Complexity in Advanced Technology Use: Adaptive Structuration Theory. Organization Science, 5(2), 121–147. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.5.2.121
Freire, P. (1970). Pedadogy of The Oppressed. Herder & Herder.
Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society. University of California Press.
Handayani, S., Alfira, N., Rokhman, L. N., & Inayah, E. (2015). Komunikasi Pembangunan di Indonesia: Telaah Pemikiran M. Alwi Dahlan & Santoso S. Hamijoyo. Imagining E-Indonesia: Local Wisdom in The Midst of Media Technology and Communication Policy, 53(9), 1689–1699.
Hemer, O., & Tufte, T. (2012). ComDev in the Mediatized World. Nordicom Review, 33(2012), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0038
Herington, M. J., van de Fliert, E., Smart, S., Greig, C., & Lant, P. A. (2017). Rural energy planning remains out-of-step with contemporary paradigms of energy access and development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67(September 2015), 1412–1419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.103
Jacobson, T. L. (2003). Participatory Communication for Social Change: The Relevance of the Theory of Communicative Action. Annals of the International Communication Association, 27(1), 87–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2003.11679023
Kemendesa. (2022). Surat Keputusan Penetapan Desa Cerdas Fase II Tahun 2022. https://www.kemendesa.go.id/berita/assets/files/SK_Penetapan_Desa_Cerdas_Fase_II_Tahun_20221.pdf
Khumalo, L. S. (2021). the Role of Participatory Development Communication in Social Cohesion: the Case of Masibumbane Listeners’ Club. Communitas, 26, 70–85. https://doi.org/10.18820/24150525/Comm.v26.5
Kraidy, M. M. (2018). Global Media Studies: A Critical Agenda. Journal of Communication, 68(2), 337–346. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqx024
Kumar, S., & Parameswaran, R. (2018). Charting an Itinerary for Postcolonial Communication and Media Studies. Journal of Communication, 68(2), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqx025
Laturrakhmi, Y. F., & Fliert, E. van de. (2023). Komunikasi untuk Perubahan Sosial dalam Konteks Indonesia. In F. H. Oktaviani, Y. F. Latturrakhmi, & E. van de Fliert (Eds.), Komunikasi untuk Perubahan Sosial dalam Konteks Indonesia (Pertama, p. 2). UB Press. https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=4FH3EAAAQBAJ&pg=GBS.PR3&hl=en
Leaning, M. (2019). An approach to digital literacy through the integration of media and information literacy. Media and Communication, 7(2 Critical Perspectives), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i2.1931
Melkote, S. R., & Singhal, A. (2021). Handbook of Communication and Development. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Melkote, S., & Steeves, H. L. (2015). Place and role of development communication in directed social change: a review of the field. Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 10(3), 385–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/17447143.2015.1050030
Moore, J. (2017). Where Is the Critical Empirical Interpersonal Communication Research? A Roadmap for Future Inquiry into Discourse and Power. Communication Theory, 27(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/comt.12107
Morris, N. (2003). A comparative analysis of the diffusion and participatory models in development communication. Communication Theory, 13(2), 225–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00290.x
Mumby, D. K. (1997). Modernism, postmodernism, and communication studies: A rereading of an ongoing debate. Communication Theory, 7(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1997.tb00140.x
Rogers, E. M. (1978). The Rise and Fall of the Dominant Paradigm. Journal of Communication, 28(1), 64–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1978.tb01564.x
Roitman, S. (2016). Top-Down and Bottom-Up Strategies for Housing and Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia: The PNPM Programme in Yogyakarta. In Dynamic and Resilience of Informal Areas (p. 187). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29948-8_11
Schiller, H. I. (2018). Communication and Cultural Domination. Routledge.
Servaes, J. (2008). Communication for development and social change. In Communication for Development and Social Change (Issue February). https://doi.org/10.4135/9788132108474
Servaes, J., & Malikhao, P. (2005). Participatory Communication: The New Paradigm.
Shah, H. (2011). The Production of Modernization: Daniel Lerner, Mass Media, and The Passing of Traditional Society. Temple University Press.
Singhal, A. (1987). Wilbur Schramm: Potrait of d Development Communication Pioneer. https://utminers.utep.edu/asinghal/articles and chapters/singhal-wilbur schramm-communicator.pdf
Singhal, A., & Rogers, E. M. (1999). Entertainment_Education: A Communication Strategy for Social Change. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Splichal, S., & Mance, B. (2018). Paradigm(s) Lost? Islands of Critical Media Research in Communication Journals. Journal of Communication, 68(2), 399–414. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqx018
Srampickal, J. (2006). Development and Participatory Communication. Communication Research Trends, 25 no. 2(2), 1–43. http://cscc.scu.edu
Stover, W. J. (2018). Information Technology In The Third World: Can IT Lead to Human National Development? Taylor & Francis.
Tufte, T., & Mefalopulos, P. (2009). Perticipatoty Communication: A Practical Guide. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-8008-6
White, R. A. (2004). Is ‘Empowerment’ the Answer? Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands), 66(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549204039939
Wilkins, K. G. (1999). Development discourse on gender and communication in strategies for social change. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 46–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02781.x
Wilkins, K. G., & Mody, B. (2001). Reshaping development communication: Developing communication and communicating development. Communication Theory, 11(4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2001.tb00249.x
Zhao, Y., & Hong, Y. (2023). Communication, technology and development at a critical juncture: revisiting Dallas Smythe in China. Chinese Journal of Communication, 16(4), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/17544750.2023.2285974