Perbedaan Pengaruh Teknik 20.20.20 Exercise dengan Teknik 20.20.20 Exercise dan Kompres Hangat terhadap Risiko Astenopia pada Siswa SMK Ma’arif 1 Yogyakarta
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Published
May 1, 2025
Abstract
Changes in the current digital era with gadgets have become commonplace in education. Gadgets are modern devices with applications to search for information, seek entertainment, and play games, and other communication media. Long-term gadget use can cause strain on the eye muscles, resulting in symptoms such as blurred vision, headaches, and visual discomfort. These symptoms lead to Asthenopia or tired eye syndrome, a condition experienced by students in today's digital age. To determine the comparison between the 20.20.20 technique exercise with the 20.20.20 technique exercise and warm compresses in the risk of asthenopia (eye fatigue) due to excessive visual activity. The study used a quasi- experiment method with a research design pre-test and post-test involving two groups. The sampling technique used was Randomized Control. With a total sample of 22 people. There is a difference in the effect of the 20.20.20 technique exercise with the 20.20.20 technique exercise and warm compresses on the risk of asthenopia in students of SMK Ma'arif 1 Yogyakarta where the results of the test independent sample t-test are p = 0.043. There is a difference in the effect of the 20.20.20 technique exercise with the 20.20.20 technique exercise and warm compresses on the risk of asthenopia. If asthenopia occurs in students, it can be recommended to use the 20.20.20 technique exercise and warm compresses.
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How to Cite
Mardiah, R. L., Ariyanto, A. and Irfan, M. (2025) “Perbedaan Pengaruh Teknik 20.20.20 Exercise dengan Teknik 20.20.20 Exercise dan Kompres Hangat terhadap Risiko Astenopia pada Siswa SMK Ma’arif 1 Yogyakarta”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(4), pp. 2928-2937. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v7i4.1580.
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J. S. (2023). The effects of breaks on digital eye strain, dry eye and binocular vision: Testing the 20-20-20 rule. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 46(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2022.101744
Verjee, M. A., Brissette, A. R., & Starr, C. E. (2020). Dry Eye Disease: Early Recognition with Guidance on Management and Treatment for Primary Care Family Physicians.
Ophthalmology and Therapy, 9(4), 877–888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-020-00308-z
Zhou, X., Shen, Y., Shang, J., & Zhou, X. (2021). Effects of warm compress on tear film, blink pattern and Meibomian gland function in dry eyes after corneal refractive surgery. BMC Ophthalmology, 21(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02091-2
Fernanda, N., & Amalia, H. (2018). Hubungan akomodasi insufisiensi dan astenopia pada remaja di Jakarta Barat. Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan, 1(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.18051/jbiomedkes.2018.v1.10-17
Gita Nurhikma, Iwan Muhamad Ramdan, & Dina Lusiana Setyowati. (2022). Pengaruh Pemberian Metode 20-20-20 terhadap Penurunan Gejala. Faletehan Health Journal, 09(3), 298–307.
Greiner, J. V. (2016). Long-Term (3 Year) Effects of a Single Thermal Pulsation System Treatment on Meibomian Gland Function and Dry Eye Symptoms. Eye and Contact Lens, 42(2), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000166
Guo, F., Zhang, Q., Fan, M. N., Ma, L., Chen, C., Liu, X. H., Jiang, H., & Liu, Y. (2018). Fruit and vegetable consumption and its relation to risk of asthenopia among Chinese college students. International Journal of Ophthalmology, 11(6), 1020–1027. https://doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2018.06.21
Hashemi, H., Khabazkhoob, M., Forouzesh, S., Nabovati, P., Yekta, A. A., & Ostadimoghaddam, H. (2017). The prevalence of asthenopia and its Determinants among schoolchildren. Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics, 8(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5812/compreped.43208
Ishikawa, S., Yamaguchi, S., Hashimoto, M., & Shinoda, K. (2023). Effect of a single warm compress prior to ophthalmic surgery on ocular surface and intraoperative visibility: A randomised controlled study. BMJ Open Ophthalmology, 8(1), 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001307
Khalid, K., Padda, J., Pokhriyal, S., Hitawala, G., Khan, M. S., Upadhyay, P., Cooper, A. C., & Jean-Charles, G. (2021). Pseudomyopia and Its Association With Anxiety. Cureus, 13(8), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17411
Kumar, S., & Pandey, H. (2024). Impact of 20-20-20 Rule and Daily Reminders in Relieving Digital Eye Strain. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 9(2), 339–
351. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20240244
Long, J., Cheung, R., Duong, S., Paynter, R., & Asper, L. (2017). Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 100(2), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12453
Malik, M., Waton, S. K., Agustina, W., & Yekti, R. (2023). Hubungan Antara Frekuensi Bermain Game Online Dengan Kejadian ASTENOPIA Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan STIKes Maharani Malang. Jurnal Kesehatan Profesional, 4(2sp), 188–197. https://www.ojsstikesbanyuwangi.com/index.php/PHJ/article/view/363
Muniraju, N. K., Amarnath, H. K., & Ashwini, M. J. (2017). A Review on Effects of Electronic Gadgets on Eye. Journal of Ayurveda Physicians & Surgeons, 5(1), 3–5.
Napoli, P. E., Nioi, M., & Fossarello, M. (2021). The “quarantine dry eye”: The lockdown for coronavirus disease 2019 and its implications for ocular surface health. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 1629–1636. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S277067
Narang, P., Donthineni, Rao, P., D’Souza, S., & Basu, S. (2017). Evaporative dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction: Preferred practice pattern guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. BMC Ophthalmology, 17(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO
Pabala, J. L., Roga, A. U., & Setyobudi, A. (2021). Hubungan Usia, Lama Kerja dan Tingkat Pencahayaan dengan Kelelahan Mata (Astenopia) pada Penjahit di Kelurahan Kuanino Kota Kupang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat, 3(2), 215–225. https://doi.org/10.35508/mkm.v3i2.3258
Putri, N., Siana, Y., Zeffira, L., Puspita, D., & Nurhuda, M. (2022). DESCRIPTION OF THE
DURATION OF DEVICE USE ON ASTHENOPIA INCIDENCE IN SMP N 1 PADANG STUDENTS DURING ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY- NC 4.0). Jurnal Eduhealt, 12(02), 65–66. http://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/healt
Romeo, M. A., Coco, G., Taloni, A., Carnovale-Scalzo, G., Scorcia, V., & Giannaccare, G. (2024). Digital Applications for Videoterminal-Associated Dry Eye Disease. Vision (Switzerland), 8(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision8040067
Rouen, P. A. (2018). NEJM Review: Dry Eye. Wolters Kluwer Health, 378(23), 2212–2223. http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMra1407936
Sanusi, O. N., Ishartadiati, K., Utami, S. L., Dokter, P., Kedokteran, F., Wijaya, U., Surabaya, K., Parasitologi, D., Kedokteran, F., Kusuma, U. W., Biomolekuler, D., Kedokteran, F., Kusuma, U. W., Surabaya, K., & Timur, J. (2023). Studi literatur : hubungan antara lama screen time gawai dengan kesehatan mata pada dewasa muda. 1–18.
Siste, K., Hanafi, E., Sen, L. T., Christian, H., Adrian, Siswidiani, L. P., Limawan, A. P., Murtani, B. J., & Suwartono, C. (2020). The Impact of Physical Distancing and Associated Factors Towards Internet Addiction Among Adults in Indonesia During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Web-Based Study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11(September), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580977
Talens-Estarelles, C., Cerviño, A., García-Lázaro, S., Fogelton, A., Sheppard, A., & Wolffsohn,
J. S. (2023). The effects of breaks on digital eye strain, dry eye and binocular vision: Testing the 20-20-20 rule. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 46(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2022.101744
Verjee, M. A., Brissette, A. R., & Starr, C. E. (2020). Dry Eye Disease: Early Recognition with Guidance on Management and Treatment for Primary Care Family Physicians.
Ophthalmology and Therapy, 9(4), 877–888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-020-00308-z
Zhou, X., Shen, Y., Shang, J., & Zhou, X. (2021). Effects of warm compress on tear film, blink pattern and Meibomian gland function in dry eyes after corneal refractive surgery. BMC Ophthalmology, 21(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02091-2