Tinjauan Siyasah Dusturiyah Tentang Fungsi Partai Politik Dalam Menjaga Prinsip Demokrasi di Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines how political parties perform their roles in safeguarding democratic values in Indonesia through the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah, a branch of Islamic political thought. Democracy, as a form of government emphasizing popular sovereignty, demands active participation, policy transparency, and accountability from those in power. In Indonesia's political system, political parties play a vital role as intermediaries between the public and the government. However, in practice, they often face challenges such as rampant transactional politics, weak public oversight, and declining public trust in political institutions. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a normative juridical approach, involving a review of scientific literature, legal regulations, and other reliable sources. The analysis is conducted using content analysis techniques that refer to the main principles of siyasah dusturiyah, namely justice (al-‘adl), responsibility (al-mas’uliyyah), and public benefit (maslahah ‘ammah). Furthermore, the normative dimension of Islam is strengthened by referencing the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him): "If three people set out on a journey, they should appoint one of them as a leader" (Narrated by Abu Dawud), which emphasizes that leadership is a trust to be carried out justly, even in the smallest of groups. The findings of this study are expected to enhance the understanding of democracy rooted in Islamic ethical values and encourage political parties to be more oriented toward public interest, responsible governance, and equitable development.