Pengaruh Withdrawal Behavior Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Turnover sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada PT Wijaya Gyokai Indonesia
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Published
Aug 8, 2025
Abstract
Sumber daya manusia (SDM) merupakan faktor kunci dalam pencapaian tujuan perusahaan, sehingga pengelolaan SDM yang efektif sangat penting, terutama dalam menghadapi persaingan industri yang semakin kompetitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh withdrawal behavior terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan turnover sebagai variabel mediasi, pada PT Wijaya Gyokai Indonesia. Data menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada angka ketidakhadiran tanpa keterangan (alfa) dan tingkat turnover dari 2021 hingga 2024. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa withdrawal behavior berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, serta berpengaruh positif terhadap niat untuk keluar (turnover). Selain itu, turnover juga terbukti menurunkan kinerja karyawan secara signifikan dan menjadi variabel mediasi dalam hubungan antara withdrawal behavior dan kinerja. Artinya, perilaku penarikan diri tidak hanya berdampak langsung, tetapi juga tidak langsung melalui peningkatan turnover. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya strategi manajemen SDM yang efektif dalam mengelola keterlibatan karyawan dan menekan tingkat turnover, guna mempertahankan produktivitas dan stabilitas perusahaan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis dalam pengembangan kebijakan retensi karyawan melalui pemantauan perilaku withdrawal sebagai indikator awal potensi penurunan kinerja.
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How to Cite
Putri, F., Jufri, A. and Yulianty, P. D. (2025) “Pengaruh Withdrawal Behavior Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Turnover sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada PT Wijaya Gyokai Indonesia”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(6), pp. 4269-4284. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v7i6.1774.
References
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Azizah, W., Ardhya Bisma, M., Sanggala, E., & Sekolah Vokasi, F. (2023). Pengaruh Employee Engagement terhadap Turnover Intention melalui Kinerja Karyawan sebagai Variabel Intervening. JIMPS: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 8(4), 4780–4790. http://jim.unsyiah.ac.id/sejarah/mm
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Ekhsan, M., Aprian, A., & Parashakti, R. D. (2022). Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Perspektif Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan (JPMK), 2(2), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.59832/jpmk.v2i2.170
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Ghozali;, I. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program IBM SPSS 26.
Guo, S., Wen, B., & Zhu, X. (2024). Understanding civil servants’ public service motivation, withdrawal behavior, and taking-charge behavior through the lens of self-determination theory. Chinese Public Administration Review, 15(2), 90–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/15396754241230627
Hadi, S., Putra, A. R., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2020). Pengaruh Perilaku Inovatif Dan Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Baruna Horizon, 3(1), 186–197. https://doi.org/10.52310/jbhorizon.v3i1.38
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Harbi Ash Shidiq, Zakaria, A., & Nasution, H. (2024). Analysis of Sustainability Report Disclosure and Sustainability Performance in Energy, Oil, and Gas Cluster BUMN Companies. Journal of Business Innovation and Accounting Research, 1(2), 162–178. https://doi.org/10.56442/s9q8z354
Heslie, M., & Gede, R. I. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intentionkaryawan Pt. Fastrata Buana Denpasar. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(3), 1149–1169. http://117.74.115.107/index.php/jemasi/article/view/537
Jiang, D., Ning, L., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Perceived overqualification as a double-edged sword for employee creativity: The mediating role of job crafting and work withdrawal behavior. PLoS ONE, 19(6), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304529
Katidjan, Purwanto S. Pawirosumarto, S., & Isnaryadi, A. (2017). Pengaruh Kompensasi, Pengembangan Karir Dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, VII(3), 429–446. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/490779111.pdf
Lasmi, N. W., Widhya, K., & Putra, S. (2024). Stress Fallout : How Burnout Fuels Employee Turnover. 10(02), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.21070/jbmp.v10i2.1942
Li, J. J., Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Hom, P. W., & Griffeth, R. W. (2016). The effects of proximal withdrawal states on job attitudes, job searching, intent to leave, and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(10), 1436–1456. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000147
Liu, X., & Raghuram, S. (2022). The effects of latent withdrawal profiles on employee turnover, destinations and job performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 32(2), 384–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12362
Maryati, S., Panjaitan, N. K., & Sukmawati, A. (2022). Do Organizational Culture and Human Resources Management Practices Decrease Turnover Intention in Microfinance Company? Binus Business Review, 13(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v13i2.8012
Mishra, A. (2022). Withdrawal Behaviours and Absenteeism at Work Post Covid-19. Organization and Human Capital Development, 1(2), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.31098/orcadev.v1i2.1096
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408
Muhammad, A. P. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Job Insecurity terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan dengan Turnover Intention sebagai variabel intervening. Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis UIN Jakarta, 1–159. https://medium.com/@arifwicaksanaa/pengertian-use-case-a7e576e1b6bf
Muthahharah, I., & Inayanti Fatwa. (2022). Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda Untuk Media Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa di STKIP Pembangunan. Jurnal MSA ( Matematika Dan Statistika Serta Aplikasinya ), 10(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.24252/msa.v10i1.25145
Prawitasari, A. (2016). Ekombis Review-Andriyani Prawitasari. Ekombis Review, 177–186.
Putri, E., & Berliyanti, D. O. (2025). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Withdrawal Behaviors pada Karyawan Perusahaan Jasa di Jakarta. 5(1), 316–331.
Putri, S. A. N., Hidayat, W., & Jumpakita Pinem, R. (2022). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pabrik PT Indonesia Steel Tube Works Semarang. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 11(3), 483–491. https://doi.org/10.14710/jiab.2022.35339
Rahmadyah, A. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Burnout Syndrome Pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X Pabrik Gula Tjoekir. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n1.p355-366
Setyo Widodo, D., & Yandi, A. (2022). Model Kinerja Karyawan: Kompetensi, Kompensasi dan Motivasi, (Literature Review MSDM). Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v1i1.1
Shibru, B. (2022). Impact of Employee Turnover on Organizational Performance: The Case of Bekas Chemicals Plc., Ethiopia. Journal of Material Sciences & Manufacturing Research, 3, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.47363/jmsmr/2022(3)125
Sihaloho, R. D., & Siregar, H. (2020). Pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan Pada PT. Super setia sagita medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Socio Secretum, 9(2), 273–281.
Silaen, N. R., Syamsuriansyah, S., Chairunnisah, R., Sari, M. R., Mahriani, E., Tanjung, R., Triwardhani, D., Haerany, A., Masyruroh, A., & Satriawan, D. G. (2021). Kinerja Karyawan.
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Ardiyanti, I. (2019). Pengaruh Kelelahan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention. Jurnal Inspirasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 3(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.33603/jibm.v3i1.2190
Ataunur, I., & Ariyanto, E. (2016). Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Adaro Energy Tbk. Telaah Bisnis, 16(2), 135–150. https://doi.org/10.35917/tb.v16i2.33
Azizah, W., Ardhya Bisma, M., Sanggala, E., & Sekolah Vokasi, F. (2023). Pengaruh Employee Engagement terhadap Turnover Intention melalui Kinerja Karyawan sebagai Variabel Intervening. JIMPS: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 8(4), 4780–4790. http://jim.unsyiah.ac.id/sejarah/mm
Bal, M., & Alhnaity, R. (2024). Organizational citizenship behavior. Elgar Encyclopedia of Organizational Psychology, 9(5), 422–427. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803921761.00084
Choirina, A. R., & Budiani, M. S. (2021). Hubungan Antara Workplace Wellbeing Dengan Intensi Turnover Karyawan Pt Xy Surabaya. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi Yang, 8(4), 1–15.
Dede Hertina, Sulasmi Sulasmi, Mohamad Zaki Taufik, Sutarto Sutarto, Nurul Aziza, Suharyanto Suharyanto, Ani Heryani, Ade Iskandar, D. L. (2024). Buku Ajar Metode Penelitian Bisnis. Google Buku. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=B9ntEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA88&dq=buku+isaac+and+michael&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiNme7k75-NAxVEzDgGHeZXMAcQ6wF6BAgJEAE#v=onepage&q=buku isaac and michael&f=false
Devy Senza Maulina, Wawan Prahiawan, & Liza Mumtazah. (2024). The Effect of Employee Absenteeism and Turnover on Innovation and Organizational Performance. Journal of Economy, Accounting and Management Science (JEAMS), 5(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.55173/jeams.v5i2.63
Ekhsan, M., Aprian, A., & Parashakti, R. D. (2022). Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Perspektif Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan (JPMK), 2(2), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.59832/jpmk.v2i2.170
Falah, & Ayuningtias. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai PT. XYZ. Jurnal Mitra Manajemen (JMM Online), 4(6), 990–1001.
Ghozali;, I. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program IBM SPSS 26.
Guo, S., Wen, B., & Zhu, X. (2024). Understanding civil servants’ public service motivation, withdrawal behavior, and taking-charge behavior through the lens of self-determination theory. Chinese Public Administration Review, 15(2), 90–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/15396754241230627
Hadi, S., Putra, A. R., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2020). Pengaruh Perilaku Inovatif Dan Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Baruna Horizon, 3(1), 186–197. https://doi.org/10.52310/jbhorizon.v3i1.38
Hallo, G. S., & Dewi, Y. E. P. (2022). Pengaruh Job Insecurity dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Pada Driver Gojek. Coopetition : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 13(2), 335–344. https://doi.org/10.32670/coopetition.v13i2.1574
Harbi Ash Shidiq, Zakaria, A., & Nasution, H. (2024). Analysis of Sustainability Report Disclosure and Sustainability Performance in Energy, Oil, and Gas Cluster BUMN Companies. Journal of Business Innovation and Accounting Research, 1(2), 162–178. https://doi.org/10.56442/s9q8z354
Heslie, M., & Gede, R. I. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intentionkaryawan Pt. Fastrata Buana Denpasar. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 9(3), 1149–1169. http://117.74.115.107/index.php/jemasi/article/view/537
Jiang, D., Ning, L., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Perceived overqualification as a double-edged sword for employee creativity: The mediating role of job crafting and work withdrawal behavior. PLoS ONE, 19(6), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304529
Katidjan, Purwanto S. Pawirosumarto, S., & Isnaryadi, A. (2017). Pengaruh Kompensasi, Pengembangan Karir Dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, VII(3), 429–446. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/490779111.pdf
Lasmi, N. W., Widhya, K., & Putra, S. (2024). Stress Fallout : How Burnout Fuels Employee Turnover. 10(02), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.21070/jbmp.v10i2.1942
Li, J. J., Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Hom, P. W., & Griffeth, R. W. (2016). The effects of proximal withdrawal states on job attitudes, job searching, intent to leave, and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(10), 1436–1456. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000147
Liu, X., & Raghuram, S. (2022). The effects of latent withdrawal profiles on employee turnover, destinations and job performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 32(2), 384–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12362
Maryati, S., Panjaitan, N. K., & Sukmawati, A. (2022). Do Organizational Culture and Human Resources Management Practices Decrease Turnover Intention in Microfinance Company? Binus Business Review, 13(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v13i2.8012
Mishra, A. (2022). Withdrawal Behaviours and Absenteeism at Work Post Covid-19. Organization and Human Capital Development, 1(2), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.31098/orcadev.v1i2.1096
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408
Muhammad, A. P. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Job Insecurity terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan dengan Turnover Intention sebagai variabel intervening. Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis UIN Jakarta, 1–159. https://medium.com/@arifwicaksanaa/pengertian-use-case-a7e576e1b6bf
Muthahharah, I., & Inayanti Fatwa. (2022). Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda Untuk Media Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa di STKIP Pembangunan. Jurnal MSA ( Matematika Dan Statistika Serta Aplikasinya ), 10(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.24252/msa.v10i1.25145
Prawitasari, A. (2016). Ekombis Review-Andriyani Prawitasari. Ekombis Review, 177–186.
Putri, E., & Berliyanti, D. O. (2025). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Withdrawal Behaviors pada Karyawan Perusahaan Jasa di Jakarta. 5(1), 316–331.
Putri, S. A. N., Hidayat, W., & Jumpakita Pinem, R. (2022). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pabrik PT Indonesia Steel Tube Works Semarang. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 11(3), 483–491. https://doi.org/10.14710/jiab.2022.35339
Rahmadyah, A. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Burnout Syndrome Pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X Pabrik Gula Tjoekir. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n1.p355-366
Setyo Widodo, D., & Yandi, A. (2022). Model Kinerja Karyawan: Kompetensi, Kompensasi dan Motivasi, (Literature Review MSDM). Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.38035/jim.v1i1.1
Shibru, B. (2022). Impact of Employee Turnover on Organizational Performance: The Case of Bekas Chemicals Plc., Ethiopia. Journal of Material Sciences & Manufacturing Research, 3, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.47363/jmsmr/2022(3)125
Sihaloho, R. D., & Siregar, H. (2020). Pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan Pada PT. Super setia sagita medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Socio Secretum, 9(2), 273–281.
Silaen, N. R., Syamsuriansyah, S., Chairunnisah, R., Sari, M. R., Mahriani, E., Tanjung, R., Triwardhani, D., Haerany, A., Masyruroh, A., & Satriawan, D. G. (2021). Kinerja Karyawan.
Smith, J. R., Micich, L. A., & McWilliams, D. L. (2016). Organization Citizenship and Employee Withdrawal Behavior in the Workplace. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 6(3), 43. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v6i3.9916
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