Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Kandungan Flavonoid Tiga Varietas Bawang Merah yang Dipengaruhi oleh Berbagai Dosis Pupuk K₂SO₄ pada Budidaya Terapung Rakit Bambu
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Published
Jul 21, 2026
Abstract
Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are one of the horticultural commodities that are widely consumed and contain several active chemical compounds that function as antioxidants such as flavonoids. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of various varieties of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) which are affected by the application of K₂SO₄ fertilizer in floating cultivation. The study was conducted at the research reservoir of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University located in South Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. The method used in this study is a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAKF) consisting of 2 factors, the first factor is the K2SO4 fertilizer factor consisting of 4 levels, namely: P0 (Control), P1 (30 kg/ha), P2 (60 kg/ha), P3 (90 kg/ha) and the second factor is the shallot plant variety factor consisting of 3 levels, namely: A1 (Bauji Variety), A2 (Bima Brebes Variety), A3 (Tajuk Variety). The parameters observed include: leaf length, leaf greenness, number of tillers and tuber dry weight. Application of K₂SO₄ fertilizer affects leaf length at 2 WAP, leaf greenness from 5 WAP to 7 WAP with the optimal dose of 90 kg/ha and the Bima Brebes variety produces the best variable in the number of tillers of 5.39 clumps, the Bauji variety produces the best tuber dry weight of 20.40 g/plant and the Tajuk variety produces the best variable in the number of leaves 20.21 strands, leaf length 41.45 cm, SPAD value of leaf greenness 45.62 and Flavonoid content 2.81 mg/L.
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How to Cite
Ananda, P. L., Susilawati, S. and Gustiar, F. (2026) “Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Kandungan Flavonoid Tiga Varietas Bawang Merah yang Dipengaruhi oleh Berbagai Dosis Pupuk K₂SO₄ pada Budidaya Terapung Rakit Bambu”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 8(5), pp. 2714-2726. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v8i5.2228.
References
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Baswarsiati, B., Harsonowati, W., Pramanik, D., Arifin, Z., Tafakresnanto, C., Krismawati, A., Latifah, E., Handayati, W., Yulianti, F., Khamidah, A., Farraj, D. A. Al, & Iqbal, R. (2025). Genotype × environment interactions and genetic variation reveal stable , high-yielding , and organosulfur-rich garlic cultivars adapted to tropical conditions. Scientific Report, 15(44031), 1–20.
Bhatla, S. C., & Lal, M. A. (2023). Plant physiology, development and metabolism. Springer Nature.
Dharmadewi, I. M. (2020). Analisis Kandungan Klorofil Pada Beberapa Jenis Sayuran Hijau Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Dasar Food Suplement. Jurnal Emasains: Jurnal Edukasi Matematika Dan Sains Volume, 9(2), 171–176.
Dianawati, M. (2018). Konsentrasi dan waktu aplikasi K 2 SO 4 pada produksi benih kentang (Solanum tuberosum l .) G 0 Rates and application time of K 2 SO 4 on production of G 0 potato seed. Jurnal Kultivasi, 17(1), 531–536.
Farid, N., & Ulinnuha, Z. (2022). Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Genotipe Bawang Merah pada Peningkatan Dosis Sulfur melalui Sistem Hidroponik Nutrient Film Technique Growth and Yield of Several Genotypes of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum) on Increasing Sulfur Doses t. Biofarm, 18(2), 102–115.
Fitri, Dewi, S., & Nadira. (2023). Analisis Risiko Produksi Dan Pendapatan Usahatani Bawang Merah Varietas Tajuk Dan Manjung Di Kecamatan Banggae Timur, Kabupaten Majene Risk. Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 9(1), 925–934.
Harahap, A. S., Luta, D. A., Sri, D., & Sitepu, M. B. (2022). Karakteristik Agronomi Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Dataran Rendah. Seminar Nasional UNIBA Surakarta, 287–296.
Harsela, C. N., Swadaya, U., & Jati, G. (2023). Growth And Yields Of Bima Brebes Shallot Variety Planted Using A Floating Hydroponics. 3(7), 1381–1388.
Hasan, M., & Razzaque, A. (2024). Effect of Different Level of Potassium and Sulfur Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Onion ( Allium cepa L .). 7(1), 33–40.
Hasanah, Y., Mawarni, L., Hanum, H., Sipayung, R., & Ramadhan, M. T. (2021). The role of sulfur and paclobutrazol on the growth of shallots (Allium ascalonicum (L.) Sanren F-1 varieties from true shallot seed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 782(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/782/4/042039
Idly, N. S., Susilawati, S., & Suwandi, S. (n.d.). Dibudidaya Terapung Application Of Sulfur On The Agronomic Characteristics , Morphology And Antioxidant Activity Of Shallot ( Allium ascalonicum . L ) On Floating Culture. 24(4), 619–629.
Irmawati, I., Sefrila1, M., Susilawati, S., Tambunan, R. T., Poerbaputra, Y. D., Sinaga, A. P. P., Azka, M. Y., Praptawara, Hutabarat, R. V. M., & Simanjuntak, R. (2024). Karakteristik Morfofisiologi dan Produksi Bawang Merah Varietas Bima Brebes dengan Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair pada Sistem Budidaya Terapung. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal, 6051(12), 202–211.
Juwanda, M., Sakhidin, S., Saparso, S., & Kharisun, K. (2023). Respon Tanaman Bawang Merah ( Allium ascalonicum , L ) Pada Pemberian Sulfur Dan Kompos Terhadap Hasil , Kadar Alliin Umbi Dan Efisiensi Pemupukan Sulfur. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 19(1), 186–191.
Katrin, N. (2021). The Effect of Gibberellin and Potassium Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L .). Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian, 2021(April), 37–46.
Liu, Y., Zhang, M., Meng, Z., Wang, B., & Chen, M. (2020). Research Progress on the Roles of Cytokinin in Plant Response to Stress.
Luta, D. A., Siregar, M., & Wahyuni, S. (2020). Respons Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Aplikasi Kompos Sampah Kota. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 7(1), 121–125.
Manurung, E. D., Hanum, H., & Sinuraya, M. (2024). Aplikasi Pupuk S Elemen pada Budidaya Tiga Varietas Bawang Merah ( Allium cepa L .). Jurnal Agrikultura, 35(2), 188–199.
Mekdad, A. A. A., Rady, M. M., & Ali, E. F. (2021). Early Sowing Combined with Adequate Potassium and Sulfur Fertilization : Promoting Beta vulgaris ( L .) Yield , Yield Quality , and K- and S-Use Efficiency in a Dry Saline Environment.
Mulya, Hadi, A., Irianto, I., & Ermadani, E. (2025). Pemberian Solid Decanter dan Pupuk P Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Tanah Ultisol. Jurnal Media Pertanian, 10(1), 23–32.
Mulyani, O., Sofyan, E. T., & Joy, B. (2025). Peranan Pupuk Magnesium–Sulfur (Kieserit) dalam Memperkuat Efisiensi Pemupukan NPK dan Produktivitas Jagung Manis pada Inceptisol. Soilrens, 23(2), 118–130.
Mustikawati, R., Tadjudin, T., & Alfandi, A. (2020). Effect Of Phosphorus and Sulfur Fertilizers On Growth and Tield Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Bima Variety. Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi, 8(2), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.33603/agroswagati.v8i2.4945
Pratama, S. R., Nova, D., & Hardani, K. (2021). Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Kelembaban Dan Suhu Tanah Untuk Tanaman Bawang Merah Di Kabupaten Brebes. 3(2).
Rahman, B. A., Hemon, A. F., & Sudika, I. W. (2025). Korelasi Karakter Kuantitatif Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah yang Ditanam secara Tumpang Sari pada Pola Penanaman Baris Ganda dengan Kacang Tanah Correlation of Quantitative Characters of Several Shallot Varieties Planted in Intercropping System with Doub. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa AGROKOMPLEK, 4(1), 82–93.
Rahmawati, A., Wahyudiningsih, T. S., & Dianawati, M. (2022). Pengaruh Formulasi Dan Volume Media Untuk Semai Biji Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah. Jurnal Agrotropika, 25(1), 135–147.
Rajiman, Megawati, S., Ansori, A., & Martin, T. (2024). Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Biomasa , Klorofil , Dan Kadar Air Relatif Daun Bawang Merah Fase Vegetatif The Effect Of Plant Spacing And Inorganic Fertilizer On Biomass , Chlorophyl And Relative Water Content Of Shallot. 26(1), 5185–5195.
Shahrajabian, M. H., Sun, W., & Cheng, Q. (2020). Chinese Onion, and Shallot, Originated In Asia, Medical Plant For Healthy Daily Recipes. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 12(2), 197–207.
Sintasari, D., Ritawati, S., Muztahidin, N. I., & Roidelindho, K. (2025). Growth Response of Shallot Seedlings ( Allium ascalonicum L .) To The Use of Growing Media and Water Application. Jurnal Agrium, 22(1), 38–47.
Suryani, R., & Utami, R. S. (2025). Efektivitas Pupuk Organik Cair Dan Pupuk Npk Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai. Jurnal Ilmu Tanaman, 5(2), 215–230.
Susilawati, S., Ammar, M., Irmawati, I., Harun, M. U., Sodikin, E., & Ichwan, B. (2022). Pertumbuhan dan Frekuensi Panen Tanaman Cabai Merah pada Kondisi Suboptimal secara Terapung. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 24(2), 126–131. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.24.2.126-131
Susilawati, S., Irmawati, I., Sukarmi, S., & Ammar, M. (2022). The Application of Chicken Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Shallot Plant in Tidal Land of Banyuasin Regency. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 11(2), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.36706/jlso.11.2.2022.582
Xu, Z., Jiang, Y., & Zhou, G. (2015). Response and adaptation of photosynthesis, respiration, and antioxidant systems to elevated CO2 with environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(701), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00701
Barus, W. A., & Ahmad, Y. S. (2021). Pemanfaatan Debu Vulkanik Sinabung Untuk Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascolonicum) Dalam Beberapa Dosis Pupuk KCl. Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Ilmu Pertanian, 19(1), 47–62.
Baswarsiati, B., Harsonowati, W., Pramanik, D., Arifin, Z., Tafakresnanto, C., Krismawati, A., Latifah, E., Handayati, W., Yulianti, F., Khamidah, A., Farraj, D. A. Al, & Iqbal, R. (2025). Genotype × environment interactions and genetic variation reveal stable , high-yielding , and organosulfur-rich garlic cultivars adapted to tropical conditions. Scientific Report, 15(44031), 1–20.
Bhatla, S. C., & Lal, M. A. (2023). Plant physiology, development and metabolism. Springer Nature.
Dharmadewi, I. M. (2020). Analisis Kandungan Klorofil Pada Beberapa Jenis Sayuran Hijau Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Dasar Food Suplement. Jurnal Emasains: Jurnal Edukasi Matematika Dan Sains Volume, 9(2), 171–176.
Dianawati, M. (2018). Konsentrasi dan waktu aplikasi K 2 SO 4 pada produksi benih kentang (Solanum tuberosum l .) G 0 Rates and application time of K 2 SO 4 on production of G 0 potato seed. Jurnal Kultivasi, 17(1), 531–536.
Farid, N., & Ulinnuha, Z. (2022). Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Genotipe Bawang Merah pada Peningkatan Dosis Sulfur melalui Sistem Hidroponik Nutrient Film Technique Growth and Yield of Several Genotypes of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum) on Increasing Sulfur Doses t. Biofarm, 18(2), 102–115.
Fitri, Dewi, S., & Nadira. (2023). Analisis Risiko Produksi Dan Pendapatan Usahatani Bawang Merah Varietas Tajuk Dan Manjung Di Kecamatan Banggae Timur, Kabupaten Majene Risk. Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 9(1), 925–934.
Harahap, A. S., Luta, D. A., Sri, D., & Sitepu, M. B. (2022). Karakteristik Agronomi Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Dataran Rendah. Seminar Nasional UNIBA Surakarta, 287–296.
Harsela, C. N., Swadaya, U., & Jati, G. (2023). Growth And Yields Of Bima Brebes Shallot Variety Planted Using A Floating Hydroponics. 3(7), 1381–1388.
Hasan, M., & Razzaque, A. (2024). Effect of Different Level of Potassium and Sulfur Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Onion ( Allium cepa L .). 7(1), 33–40.
Hasanah, Y., Mawarni, L., Hanum, H., Sipayung, R., & Ramadhan, M. T. (2021). The role of sulfur and paclobutrazol on the growth of shallots (Allium ascalonicum (L.) Sanren F-1 varieties from true shallot seed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 782(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/782/4/042039
Idly, N. S., Susilawati, S., & Suwandi, S. (n.d.). Dibudidaya Terapung Application Of Sulfur On The Agronomic Characteristics , Morphology And Antioxidant Activity Of Shallot ( Allium ascalonicum . L ) On Floating Culture. 24(4), 619–629.
Irmawati, I., Sefrila1, M., Susilawati, S., Tambunan, R. T., Poerbaputra, Y. D., Sinaga, A. P. P., Azka, M. Y., Praptawara, Hutabarat, R. V. M., & Simanjuntak, R. (2024). Karakteristik Morfofisiologi dan Produksi Bawang Merah Varietas Bima Brebes dengan Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair pada Sistem Budidaya Terapung. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal, 6051(12), 202–211.
Juwanda, M., Sakhidin, S., Saparso, S., & Kharisun, K. (2023). Respon Tanaman Bawang Merah ( Allium ascalonicum , L ) Pada Pemberian Sulfur Dan Kompos Terhadap Hasil , Kadar Alliin Umbi Dan Efisiensi Pemupukan Sulfur. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 19(1), 186–191.
Katrin, N. (2021). The Effect of Gibberellin and Potassium Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L .). Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian, 2021(April), 37–46.
Liu, Y., Zhang, M., Meng, Z., Wang, B., & Chen, M. (2020). Research Progress on the Roles of Cytokinin in Plant Response to Stress.
Luta, D. A., Siregar, M., & Wahyuni, S. (2020). Respons Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Aplikasi Kompos Sampah Kota. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 7(1), 121–125.
Manurung, E. D., Hanum, H., & Sinuraya, M. (2024). Aplikasi Pupuk S Elemen pada Budidaya Tiga Varietas Bawang Merah ( Allium cepa L .). Jurnal Agrikultura, 35(2), 188–199.
Mekdad, A. A. A., Rady, M. M., & Ali, E. F. (2021). Early Sowing Combined with Adequate Potassium and Sulfur Fertilization : Promoting Beta vulgaris ( L .) Yield , Yield Quality , and K- and S-Use Efficiency in a Dry Saline Environment.
Mulya, Hadi, A., Irianto, I., & Ermadani, E. (2025). Pemberian Solid Decanter dan Pupuk P Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Tanah Ultisol. Jurnal Media Pertanian, 10(1), 23–32.
Mulyani, O., Sofyan, E. T., & Joy, B. (2025). Peranan Pupuk Magnesium–Sulfur (Kieserit) dalam Memperkuat Efisiensi Pemupukan NPK dan Produktivitas Jagung Manis pada Inceptisol. Soilrens, 23(2), 118–130.
Mustikawati, R., Tadjudin, T., & Alfandi, A. (2020). Effect Of Phosphorus and Sulfur Fertilizers On Growth and Tield Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Bima Variety. Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi, 8(2), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.33603/agroswagati.v8i2.4945
Pratama, S. R., Nova, D., & Hardani, K. (2021). Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Kelembaban Dan Suhu Tanah Untuk Tanaman Bawang Merah Di Kabupaten Brebes. 3(2).
Rahman, B. A., Hemon, A. F., & Sudika, I. W. (2025). Korelasi Karakter Kuantitatif Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah yang Ditanam secara Tumpang Sari pada Pola Penanaman Baris Ganda dengan Kacang Tanah Correlation of Quantitative Characters of Several Shallot Varieties Planted in Intercropping System with Doub. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa AGROKOMPLEK, 4(1), 82–93.
Rahmawati, A., Wahyudiningsih, T. S., & Dianawati, M. (2022). Pengaruh Formulasi Dan Volume Media Untuk Semai Biji Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah. Jurnal Agrotropika, 25(1), 135–147.
Rajiman, Megawati, S., Ansori, A., & Martin, T. (2024). Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Biomasa , Klorofil , Dan Kadar Air Relatif Daun Bawang Merah Fase Vegetatif The Effect Of Plant Spacing And Inorganic Fertilizer On Biomass , Chlorophyl And Relative Water Content Of Shallot. 26(1), 5185–5195.
Shahrajabian, M. H., Sun, W., & Cheng, Q. (2020). Chinese Onion, and Shallot, Originated In Asia, Medical Plant For Healthy Daily Recipes. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 12(2), 197–207.
Sintasari, D., Ritawati, S., Muztahidin, N. I., & Roidelindho, K. (2025). Growth Response of Shallot Seedlings ( Allium ascalonicum L .) To The Use of Growing Media and Water Application. Jurnal Agrium, 22(1), 38–47.
Suryani, R., & Utami, R. S. (2025). Efektivitas Pupuk Organik Cair Dan Pupuk Npk Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai. Jurnal Ilmu Tanaman, 5(2), 215–230.
Susilawati, S., Ammar, M., Irmawati, I., Harun, M. U., Sodikin, E., & Ichwan, B. (2022). Pertumbuhan dan Frekuensi Panen Tanaman Cabai Merah pada Kondisi Suboptimal secara Terapung. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 24(2), 126–131. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.24.2.126-131
Susilawati, S., Irmawati, I., Sukarmi, S., & Ammar, M. (2022). The Application of Chicken Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Shallot Plant in Tidal Land of Banyuasin Regency. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 11(2), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.36706/jlso.11.2.2022.582
Xu, Z., Jiang, Y., & Zhou, G. (2015). Response and adaptation of photosynthesis, respiration, and antioxidant systems to elevated CO2 with environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(701), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00701