The Effect of Support Groups on Social Support and Psychological Well-Being Among Young People Living with HIV in Inti Muda West Java
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Published
Aug 5, 2026
Abstract
Young people living with HIV face significant psychosocial challenges that require effective interventions such as support groups. However, to date, there has been no simultaneous quantitative empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of such interventions within community-based organizations in Indonesia. Therefore, the novelty of this study lies in its integrative examination of the impact of structured support groups on social support and psychological well-being specifically among the Inti Muda community in West Java. This one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study involved participants aged 18–35 years who were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of five structured sessions over five weeks that integrated peer support, psychoeducation, and Yalom’s therapeutic factors. Measurements were taken using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. Analysis results showed a significant increase in the mean pre- and post-intervention scores for social support and psychological well-being (p = 0.043). In conclusion, the support group proved to be effective, and these findings provide an important foundation for the development of structured, community-based psychosocial interventions aimed at improving the quality of life for young people living with HIV.
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How to Cite
Jakaria, R., Sastri, P. D. and Ekanensia, P. (2026) “The Effect of Support Groups on Social Support and Psychological Well-Being Among Young People Living with HIV in Inti Muda West Java ”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 8(5), pp. 2889-2900. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v8i5.2254.
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Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592
Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-span perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(3), 236–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01122.x
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Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2020). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy (6th ed.). Basic Books.
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357.
Decroo, T., Rasschaert, F., Telfer, B., Remartinez, D., Laga, M., Ford, N., & Peeters Grietens, K. (2013). Community-based antiretroviral therapy programs can overcome barriers to retention of patients and decongest health services in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. International Health, 5(3), 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/iht016
Deeks, S. G., Lewin, S. R., & Havlir, D. V. (2013). The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease. The Lancet, 382(9903), 1525–1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61809-7
Donker, T., Griffiths, K. M., Cuijpers, P., & Christensen, H. (2009). Psychoeducation for depression, anxiety and psychological distress: A meta-analysis. BMC Medicine, 7, Article 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-7-79
Earnshaw, V. A., Smith, L. R., Chaudoir, S. R., Amico, K. R., & Copenhaver, M. M. (2013). HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS: A test of the HIV stigma framework. AIDS and Behavior, 17(5), 1785–1795. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-013-0437-9
Ekanesia, P., Akbar, R. F., & Sastri, P. D. (2024). Profil perceived social support dan hubungannya dengan kesehatan mental remaja di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Psikologi: Media Ilmiah Psikologi, 22(1).
Fauk, N. K., Hawke, K., Mwanri, L., & Ward, P. R. (2021). Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV in the context of families, communities, and healthcare settings: A qualitative study in Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105424
House, J. S. (1981). Work stress and social support. Addison-Wesley.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan perkembangan HIV/AIDS dan penyakit infeksi menular seksual tahun 2023.
Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social support theory and measurement. In S. Cohen, L. G. Underwood, & B. H. Gottlieb (Eds.), Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists (pp. 29–52). Oxford University Press.
Li, L., Liang, L. J., Lin, C., Wu, Z., & Rotheram-Borus, M. J. (2021). HIV-related stigma and psychological well-being among people living with HIV: The mediating role of social support. AIDS Care, 33(10), 1285–1292.
Ma, A. M., Lewis, K. A., Wani, M., Liu, C., Ghalambor, S., Yuva Raju, R., ... Urauchi, S. (2025). Online peer support for youth at higher risk of or living with HIV: A qualitative content analysis. AIDS and Behavior, 29(7), 2135–2143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-025-04677-z
Marcus, J. L., Leyden, W. A., Alexeeff, S. E., Anderson, A. N., Hechter, R. C., Hu, H., ... Silverberg, M. J. (2020). Comparison of overall and comorbidity-free life expectancy between insured adults with and without HIV infection, 2000–2016. JAMA Network Open, 3(6), e207954. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.7954
Masten, A. S., & Barnes, A. J. (2018). Resilience in children: Developmental perspectives. Children, 5(7), Article 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/children5070098
Mukaromah, U. L., & Sastri, P. D. (2025). The role of future anxiety and self-efficacy on final-year students' psychological well-being. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 6(7).
Naslund, J. A., Aschbrenner, K. A., Marsch, L. A., & Bartels, S. J. (2016). The future of mental health care: Peer-to-peer support and social media. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 25(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796015001067
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719
Saskia, N. N., & Sastri, P. D. (2025). Hubungan antara social support dan loneliness dengan disregulasi emosi pada remaja pelaku self-harm di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan X Kota Bandung. PAEDAGOGY: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Psikologi, 5(2), 577–586.
Sawyer, S. M., Azzopardi, P. S., Wickremarathne, D., & Patton, G. C. (2018). The age of adolescence. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2(3), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30022-1
Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592
Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-span perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(3), 236–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01122.x
UNAIDS. (2023). Global AIDS update 2023.
World Health Organization. (2023). Consolidated guidelines on HIV service delivery.
Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2020). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy (6th ed.). Basic Books.
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2