Kasus Deepfake Tren AI Oleh Penggemar Timnas Indonesia dalam Perspektif Kantian
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Published
Oct 21, 2026
Abstract
The use of generative artificial intelligence has expanded into the fields of public communication and fan culture. One recent phenomenon in Indonesia is the spread of AI-generated visual manipulations depicting fans posing intimately with Indonesian national team players without their consent. This study aims to address a gap in the literature by combining a mapping of global trends in deepfake ethics through a Systematic Literature Review and a local case analysis through the lens of Immanuel Kant’s moral philosophy. Using the PRISMA guidelines and VOSviewer mapping, 56 articles published between 2022 and 2026 from the Scopus database were extracted to identify research gaps. The bibliometric findings show that “Public Figure” and “Privacy Erosion” are the main clusters in the global discourse. The synthesis of the literature review findings and the Indonesian national team case indicates that visual manipulation without consent is not merely a violation of privacy, but also a failure to apply Good Will and a violation of the Kantian Categorical Imperative, in which public figures are reduced to means of satisfying hedonic expectations rather than being respected as persons with dignity. This study recommends transforming Indonesia’s partial ethical regulations into an umbrella act.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta :
Penulis yang mempublikasikan manuskripnya di jurnal ini menyetujui ketentuan berikut:
- Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
- Penulis mengakui bahwa Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development berhak menjadi yang pertama menerbitkan dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0) .
- Penulis dapat mengirimkan artikel secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-eksklusif manuskrip yang telah diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini ke versi lain (misalnya, dikirim ke repositori institusi penulis, publikasi ke dalam buku, dll.), dengan mengakui bahwa manuskrip telah diterbitkan pertama kali di Ranah Research.
References
Bello, P. F., Ph, D., Bridewell, W., Ph, D., Sw, O. A., Cohen, J., Bringsjord, S., Kon, M., Pablo, J., & We, B. (2024). Self-Control on the Path Toward Artificial Moral Agency. Cognitive Systems Research, 89, 0–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101316
Devi, B. T., & Rajasekaran, R. (2026). Deepfake Technology : A Comprehensive Review of Trends , Applications , Ethical Concerns , and Challenges. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2026.334.359
Henry, N., Umbach, R., Shelby, R., Beard, G., & Lisa, M. (2026). ‘ It ’ s still abuse ’: community attitudes and perceptions on AI-generated image-based sexual abuse ABSTRACT. 4462. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2026.2613437
Joshi, S., Bhattacharya, S., Pathak, P., Natraj, N. A., & Saini, J. (2025). Harnessing the potential of generative AI in digital marketing using the Behavioral Reasoning Theory approach. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 5(1), 100317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100317
Kant, I. (2022). Dasar-dasar metafisika moral (R. H. Abror, Penerjemah; C. A. Wijaya, Penyunting) (C. A. Wijaya (ed.)). Insight Reference.
Ketners, K., & Petersone, M. (2026). Ethical challenges of generative artificial intelligence in global social communications: International standards and practices. 11(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.69587/sdc/2.2026.151
Kirkpatrick, J. R. (2026). Deepfakes at face value : image and authority. AI & SOCIETY, 41(7), 7079–7083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-026-03018-5
Lee, Y. Y., Gan, C. L., Liew, T. W., & Tan, S. (2026). Cognitive , Normative , and Hedonic Pathways to Deepfake Acceptance : Integrating Knowledge-Attitude- Behavior and Goal Framing Theories. June, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251408852
Olan, F., Arakpogun, E. O., Suklan, J., Nakpodia, F., Damij, N., & Jayawickrama, U. (2022). Artificial intelligence and knowledge sharing: Contributing factors to organizational performance. Journal of Business Research, 145, 605–615. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.008
Patalauskaite, E. (2024). Ethical Aspects of Content Creation. Filosofija Sociologija, 3, 369–377.
Prihantoro, E., Dunan, A., Mudjiyanto, B., Harimurti, A., Alwahdy, J. A., Humana, S., Hastuti, S., Sosiawan, U. M., Suparni, N., Koesoemo, S., Donald, H., & Toruan, L. (2026). When seeing no longer means believing : deepfake detection , journalistic heuristics , and ethical verification in Indonesian election reporting. Cogent Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2026.2720972
Raemy, P., Bitton, D. B., Ötting, H., Pieter, C., Godulla, A., Puppis, M., Raemy, P., Bitton, D. B., Ötting, H., Hoffmann, P., Godulla, A., & Deepfakes, M. P. (2025). Deepfakes and Journalism : Normative Considerations and Implications Deepfakes and Journalism : Normative Considerations and. Journalism Studies, 26(14), 1724–1744. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2025.2547300
Ronchini, F. (2025). Towards the next generation of trustable , ef fi cient and sustainable text-to-audio generative models. Science Talks, 13(November 2024), 100419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sctalk.2025.100419
Sahang, Y. (2023). Moralitas Teknologi : Etika dalam Media Sosial Perspektif Immanuel Kant. Proceedings of The National Conference on Indonesian Philosophy and Theology, 1(2), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.24071/snf.v1i2.8373
Teo, S. A. (2024). How to think about freedom of thought ( and opinion ) in the age of AI. Computer Law & Security Review, 53(May), 105969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2024.105969
Von Schomberg, R., González-Esteban, E., & Sanahuja-Sahanuja, R. (2022). Ethical challenges and limits of RRI for improving the governance of research and innovation processes Retos éticos y límites de la RRI para mejorar los procesos. 27(2), 1–6.
Wach, K., Duong, C. D., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaitė, R., & Korzynski, P. (2023). The dark side of generative artificial intelligence : A critical analysis of controversies and risks of ChatGPT. 11(2), 7–30.
Xu, Z., Wen, X., Zhong, G., & Fang, Q. (2025). Public perception towards deepfake through topic modelling and sentiment analysis of social media data. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 15(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-025-01445-8