Analisis Serapan Karbon Beneficial Plant pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
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Published
Nov 22, 2025
Abstract
Peningkatan emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) ke atmosfer merupakan salah satu isu utama pemanasan global yang kerap dikaitkan dengan aktivitas perkebunan kelapa sawit. Namun, selain menghasilkan emisi, ekosistem kelapa sawit juga berperan sebagai penyerap karbon melalui tanaman utama maupun tanaman penutup tanah yang disebut beneficial plant. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar karbon pada Mucuna bracteata sebagai tanaman penutup tanah leguminosa di lahan kelapa sawit. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan metode Organic Carbon Walkley-Black: Colorimetric Method menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-VIS. sedangkan pengukuran tidak langsung dilakukan melalui pemodelan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak OpenLCA dan database Ecoinvent v.3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar karbon daun M. bracteata relatif stabil dengan koefisien variasi <0,2%, di mana nilai tertinggi tercatat pada sampel S2 sebesar 3,098 mg/mL per 0,1 g daun. Analisis LCA mendukung temuan tersebut dengan menunjukkan potensi kontribusi M. bracteata dalam menekan emisi bersih CO₂ pada subsistem perkebunan kelapa sawit. Konsistensi kadar karbon tersebut mengindikasikan kemampuan M. bracteata dalam menyerap karbon, sejalan dengan literatur yang menegaskan biomassa tinggi dan kontribusinya terhadap perbaikan sifat tanah, fiksasi nitrogen, dan pengendalian gulma. Dengan demikian, M. bracteata berpotensi menjadi agen penyimpanan karbon yang signifikan di ekosistem perkebunan kelapa sawit sekaligus mendukung penerapan perkebunan berkelanjutan dan baseline data untuk perdagangan karbon.
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How to Cite
Maisarah, M., Yosephine, I. O., Simbolon, H. F. S., Dian, R. and Febrianto, E. B. (2025) “Analisis Serapan Karbon Beneficial Plant pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 8(1), pp. 723-739. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v8i1.1851.
References
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Andarani, P., Dwi Nugraha, W., Sawitri, D., & Budiawan, W. (2018). Life-Cycle Assessment of Crude Palm Oil Produced at Mill J, PT XYZ, Sumatera Island using Eco-indicator 99. MATEC Web of Conferences, 159. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815901028
Elberling, B., & Brandt, K. K. (2003). Uncoupling of microbial CO2 production and release in frozen soil...of arctic C cycle. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35, 263–272.
Farista, B., & Virgota, A. (2021). Serapan Karbon Hutam Mangrove di Bagek Kembar Kecamatan Sekotong Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(June). https://doi.org/10.33394/bjib.v9i1.3777
Farizal, F., Amanda, T., Dachyar, M., & Noor, Z. Z. (2024). 2030 oil palm plantation carbon footprint estimation using O-LCA and forecasting. Journal of Cleaner Production, 463(May), 142646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142646
Global Soil Laboratory Network. (2019). Standard operating procedure for soil organic carbon: Walkley-Black method. In Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Harimurti, D., & Noor, E. (2021). Pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan pendekatan life cycle assessment. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 2018, 1–9.
Hasibuan, H. B., Lesmana, R. N., Parinduri, S., & Maisarah. (2024). The Influence Of The Time Of Light Trap Application On The Effectiveness Of Capturing (Metisa Plana) Bagworm At Plantation PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV. Agro Estate, 8(1).
Hasibuan, S., & Thaheer, H. (2017). Life Cycle Impact Assessment Produksi Biodiesel Sawit Untuk Mendukung Keberlanjutan Hilirisasi Industri Sawit Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Inovasi Dan Aplikasi Teknologi Di Industri 2017 ITN Malang, 1–7.
Hawari, N. A. (2020). Life Cycle Assessment (Lca) Untuk Rantai Pasok Agroindustri Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. In Jurnal Ekonomi Volume 18, Nomor 1 Maret201 (Vol. 2, Issue 1).
Herath, H. M. P. M., Herath, H. M. I. K., & Ratnayake, W. M. (2017). Potential use of Mucuna bracteate as a Cover Crop for Coconut Plantations in the Low Country Intermediate Zone of Sri Lanka. Journal of Food and Agriculture, 10(1–2), 26. https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v10i1-2.5210
Hutajulu, K., Tarmadja, S., & Santi, I. S. (2023). Peran Tanaman Turnera ulmifolia dan Cassia cobanennsis sebagai Penyangga Kebutuhan Sumber Pakan Predator UPDKS. 1(September), 1527–1534.
Jannah, S. W., Rahman, F. A., & Hadi, A. P. (2021). Analisis Kandungan Karbon pada Vegetasi Mangrove di Desa Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(2), 588. https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v9i2.4303
Kusumawati, S. A., Yahya, S., Hariyadi, Mulatsih, S., & Istina, I. N. (2020). The Dynamic Of Carbon Dioxide (Co2 ) Emission And Land Coverage On Intercropping System On Oil Palm Replanting Area. 33(2016), 267–277.
Maisarah, Adityosulindro, S., & Wulandari, D. (2021). Utilization of wild algae biomass as biosorbent for removal of heavy metal Zinc (Zn2+) from aqueous solution. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 824(1), 2–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/824/1/012017
Maisarah, Dian, R., & Febrianto, E. B. (2024). Uji Serapan Karbon ( Sekuestrasi ) Tanaman Kelapa Sawit sebagai Baseline Pada Trading Karbon. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(1), 633–643.
Mariana, M., Manullang, W., Sarumaha, M. D. P., & Novita, A. (2023). The Effectiveness of Beneficial Plants in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Area in Reducing the Attack Rate of Oil Palm Leaf-Eating Caterpillar (oplec) at PT. Socfindo Mata Pao Gardens. Jurnal Online Pertanian Tropik, 10(2), 51–57.
Musthafa Al Hakim, H., Supartono, W., & Suryandono, A. (2014). Life Cycle Assesment Pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Untuk Menghitung Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (Life Cycle Assessment Of Palm Oil Seedlings For Calculating The Greenhouse Gas Emissions). Ziraa’Ah, 39(2), 72–80.
Negm, N. A., Abd El Wahed, M. G., Hassan, A. R. A., & Abou Kana, M. T. H. (2018). Feasibility of metal adsorption using brown algae and fungi: Effect of biosorbents structure on adsorption isotherm and kinetics. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 264, 292–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.027
Nishikawa, E., da Silva, M. G. C., & Vieira, M. G. A. (2018). Cadmium biosorption by alginate extraction waste and process overview in Life Cycle Assessment context. Journal of Cleaner Production, 178, 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.025
Nurhadi, F., Theresia, Y., Astuti, M., & Ginting, C. (2023). Pengaruh Aplikasi Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit di Pre Nursery. Agroforetech, 1(September), 1382–1386.
Rathore, V. K., & Mondal, P. (2018). Life cycle assessment of defluoridation of water using laterite soil based adsorbents. Journal of Cleaner Production, 180, 716–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.176
Rinaldo, R., Suprihatin, S., & Yani, M. (2023). Life cycle assessment produksi crude palm oil (CPO) (studi kasus: PT X Provinsi Bengkulu). Agrointek : Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 17(3), 651–659. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v17i3.17131
Sari anggraini, N. afriyanti. (2019). Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Kelapa Sawit Bibit Bersertifikat Pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Sumatera Utara. Agroprimatech, 3(1), 11–16.
Sari, D. A. P., Rahmah, A., & Sasongko, N. A. (2023). Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Palm Oil Plantation and Mill with Impact Categories Global Warming Potential, Acidification, and Eutrophication. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(2), 797–807. https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.1236
Sari, F. D., Anwar, G., & Suharto, E. (2022). Potensi biomassa dan simpanan karbon pada agroforestri kayu bawang (Azadirachta excelsa Jacobs) dan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Journal of Global Forest and …, 2(3), 52–62.
Siregar, K., Ichwana, Nasution, I. S., Sholihati, Sofiah, I., & Miharza, T. (2020). Implementation of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for oil palm industry in Aceh Province, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 542(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/542/1/012046
Soraya, D. F., Bonnet, S. H. G. S., & Tongurai, C. (20114). Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 5, 27–32.
Supriyadi, S., Sudaryanto, R., Hadisudarmo, P., & Safrudin, A. (2017). Management of Legume As Land Cover Crop and Empty Bunch for the Nitrogen Efficiency in Inceptisols At Oil-Palm Plantation. Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 13(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.15608/stjssa.v13i2.264
Syarifuddin, H., Sy, A. R., & Devitriano, D. (2019). Inventarisasi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (CH4 dan N2O) Dari Sektor Peternakan Sapi Dengan Metode Tier-1 IPCC di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 22(2), 84–94. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v22i2.8351
Syarovy, M., Santoso, H., & Sembiring, D. S. (2021). Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Pada Lahan Dengan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Mucuna Bracteata Yang Tidak Terawat Dan Alang-Alang (Imperata Cylindrica). Warta Ppks, 26(1), 46–54.
Wahyono, Y., Hadiyanto, H., Budihardjo, M. A., & Adiansyah, J. S. (2020). Assessing the environmental performance of palm oil biodiesel production in indonesia: A life cycle assessment approach. Energies, 13(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/en13123248
Wawan, Dini, I. R., & Hapsoh. (2019). The effect of legume cover crop Mucuna bracteata on soil physical properties, runoff and erosion in three slopes of immature oil palm plantation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 250(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/250/1/012021
Zhao, J., Elmore, A. J., Lee, J. S. H., Numata, I., Zhang, X., & Cochrane, M. A. (2023). Replanting and yield increase strategies for alleviating the potential decline in palm oil production in Indonesia. Agricultural Systems, 210(July), 103714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103714
Andarani, P., Dwi Nugraha, W., Sawitri, D., & Budiawan, W. (2018). Life-Cycle Assessment of Crude Palm Oil Produced at Mill J, PT XYZ, Sumatera Island using Eco-indicator 99. MATEC Web of Conferences, 159. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815901028
Elberling, B., & Brandt, K. K. (2003). Uncoupling of microbial CO2 production and release in frozen soil...of arctic C cycle. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35, 263–272.
Farista, B., & Virgota, A. (2021). Serapan Karbon Hutam Mangrove di Bagek Kembar Kecamatan Sekotong Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(June). https://doi.org/10.33394/bjib.v9i1.3777
Farizal, F., Amanda, T., Dachyar, M., & Noor, Z. Z. (2024). 2030 oil palm plantation carbon footprint estimation using O-LCA and forecasting. Journal of Cleaner Production, 463(May), 142646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142646
Global Soil Laboratory Network. (2019). Standard operating procedure for soil organic carbon: Walkley-Black method. In Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Harimurti, D., & Noor, E. (2021). Pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan pendekatan life cycle assessment. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 2018, 1–9.
Hasibuan, H. B., Lesmana, R. N., Parinduri, S., & Maisarah. (2024). The Influence Of The Time Of Light Trap Application On The Effectiveness Of Capturing (Metisa Plana) Bagworm At Plantation PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV. Agro Estate, 8(1).
Hasibuan, S., & Thaheer, H. (2017). Life Cycle Impact Assessment Produksi Biodiesel Sawit Untuk Mendukung Keberlanjutan Hilirisasi Industri Sawit Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Inovasi Dan Aplikasi Teknologi Di Industri 2017 ITN Malang, 1–7.
Hawari, N. A. (2020). Life Cycle Assessment (Lca) Untuk Rantai Pasok Agroindustri Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. In Jurnal Ekonomi Volume 18, Nomor 1 Maret201 (Vol. 2, Issue 1).
Herath, H. M. P. M., Herath, H. M. I. K., & Ratnayake, W. M. (2017). Potential use of Mucuna bracteate as a Cover Crop for Coconut Plantations in the Low Country Intermediate Zone of Sri Lanka. Journal of Food and Agriculture, 10(1–2), 26. https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v10i1-2.5210
Hutajulu, K., Tarmadja, S., & Santi, I. S. (2023). Peran Tanaman Turnera ulmifolia dan Cassia cobanennsis sebagai Penyangga Kebutuhan Sumber Pakan Predator UPDKS. 1(September), 1527–1534.
Jannah, S. W., Rahman, F. A., & Hadi, A. P. (2021). Analisis Kandungan Karbon pada Vegetasi Mangrove di Desa Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(2), 588. https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v9i2.4303
Kusumawati, S. A., Yahya, S., Hariyadi, Mulatsih, S., & Istina, I. N. (2020). The Dynamic Of Carbon Dioxide (Co2 ) Emission And Land Coverage On Intercropping System On Oil Palm Replanting Area. 33(2016), 267–277.
Maisarah, Adityosulindro, S., & Wulandari, D. (2021). Utilization of wild algae biomass as biosorbent for removal of heavy metal Zinc (Zn2+) from aqueous solution. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 824(1), 2–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/824/1/012017
Maisarah, Dian, R., & Febrianto, E. B. (2024). Uji Serapan Karbon ( Sekuestrasi ) Tanaman Kelapa Sawit sebagai Baseline Pada Trading Karbon. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(1), 633–643.
Mariana, M., Manullang, W., Sarumaha, M. D. P., & Novita, A. (2023). The Effectiveness of Beneficial Plants in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Area in Reducing the Attack Rate of Oil Palm Leaf-Eating Caterpillar (oplec) at PT. Socfindo Mata Pao Gardens. Jurnal Online Pertanian Tropik, 10(2), 51–57.
Musthafa Al Hakim, H., Supartono, W., & Suryandono, A. (2014). Life Cycle Assesment Pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit Untuk Menghitung Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (Life Cycle Assessment Of Palm Oil Seedlings For Calculating The Greenhouse Gas Emissions). Ziraa’Ah, 39(2), 72–80.
Negm, N. A., Abd El Wahed, M. G., Hassan, A. R. A., & Abou Kana, M. T. H. (2018). Feasibility of metal adsorption using brown algae and fungi: Effect of biosorbents structure on adsorption isotherm and kinetics. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 264, 292–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.027
Nishikawa, E., da Silva, M. G. C., & Vieira, M. G. A. (2018). Cadmium biosorption by alginate extraction waste and process overview in Life Cycle Assessment context. Journal of Cleaner Production, 178, 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.025
Nurhadi, F., Theresia, Y., Astuti, M., & Ginting, C. (2023). Pengaruh Aplikasi Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit di Pre Nursery. Agroforetech, 1(September), 1382–1386.
Rathore, V. K., & Mondal, P. (2018). Life cycle assessment of defluoridation of water using laterite soil based adsorbents. Journal of Cleaner Production, 180, 716–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.176
Rinaldo, R., Suprihatin, S., & Yani, M. (2023). Life cycle assessment produksi crude palm oil (CPO) (studi kasus: PT X Provinsi Bengkulu). Agrointek : Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 17(3), 651–659. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v17i3.17131
Sari anggraini, N. afriyanti. (2019). Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Kelapa Sawit Bibit Bersertifikat Pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Sumatera Utara. Agroprimatech, 3(1), 11–16.
Sari, D. A. P., Rahmah, A., & Sasongko, N. A. (2023). Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Palm Oil Plantation and Mill with Impact Categories Global Warming Potential, Acidification, and Eutrophication. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(2), 797–807. https://doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.1236
Sari, F. D., Anwar, G., & Suharto, E. (2022). Potensi biomassa dan simpanan karbon pada agroforestri kayu bawang (Azadirachta excelsa Jacobs) dan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Journal of Global Forest and …, 2(3), 52–62.
Siregar, K., Ichwana, Nasution, I. S., Sholihati, Sofiah, I., & Miharza, T. (2020). Implementation of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for oil palm industry in Aceh Province, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 542(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/542/1/012046
Soraya, D. F., Bonnet, S. H. G. S., & Tongurai, C. (20114). Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 5, 27–32.
Supriyadi, S., Sudaryanto, R., Hadisudarmo, P., & Safrudin, A. (2017). Management of Legume As Land Cover Crop and Empty Bunch for the Nitrogen Efficiency in Inceptisols At Oil-Palm Plantation. Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 13(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.15608/stjssa.v13i2.264
Syarifuddin, H., Sy, A. R., & Devitriano, D. (2019). Inventarisasi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (CH4 dan N2O) Dari Sektor Peternakan Sapi Dengan Metode Tier-1 IPCC di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 22(2), 84–94. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v22i2.8351
Syarovy, M., Santoso, H., & Sembiring, D. S. (2021). Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Pada Lahan Dengan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Mucuna Bracteata Yang Tidak Terawat Dan Alang-Alang (Imperata Cylindrica). Warta Ppks, 26(1), 46–54.
Wahyono, Y., Hadiyanto, H., Budihardjo, M. A., & Adiansyah, J. S. (2020). Assessing the environmental performance of palm oil biodiesel production in indonesia: A life cycle assessment approach. Energies, 13(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/en13123248
Wawan, Dini, I. R., & Hapsoh. (2019). The effect of legume cover crop Mucuna bracteata on soil physical properties, runoff and erosion in three slopes of immature oil palm plantation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 250(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/250/1/012021
Zhao, J., Elmore, A. J., Lee, J. S. H., Numata, I., Zhang, X., & Cochrane, M. A. (2023). Replanting and yield increase strategies for alleviating the potential decline in palm oil production in Indonesia. Agricultural Systems, 210(July), 103714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103714