Pengaruh STARA Awareness Terhadap Individual Competitive Productivity: Peran Mediasi Work Engagement, Organizational Commitment, dan Job Autonomy
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Published
Mar 29, 2026
Abstract
Employee assessment of the presence of new information technology, namely STARA (Smart Technology, AI, Robotic, and Algorithm), can be a double-edged sword, namely the assessment as a challenge and also an obstacle to work productivity. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of STARA Awareness through the mediation of work engagement, organizational commitment and job autonomy on individual competitive productivity perceived by employees in the financial services industry in the Greater Jakarta area. Research data was obtained through an online questionnaire of 613 respondents, 79 data were not used due to the cleansing results. A total of 529 data were obtained for testing in this study. Data processing and hypothesis testing used the Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) method with the LISREL 8.8 application. This study found that the influence of Challenge Appraisal toward STARA Awareness has a significant positive effect on work engagement and job autonomy, hindrance appraisal toward STARA awareness has a positive effect on work engagement, organizational commitment and job autonomy. Organizational commitment has not been able to significantly mediate the effect of challenge appraisal toward STARA awareness on individual competitive productivity. Meanwhile, work engagement, organizational commitment, and job autonomy mediate the influence of hindrance appraisal toward STARA Awareness on individual competitive productivity. This research will provide theoretical and empirical contributions in the field of human resources and organizational development, especially in understanding the influence of employee assessments toward STARA in increasing employee productivity.
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How to Cite
Novianti, Y. and Savitri, E. (2026) “Pengaruh STARA Awareness Terhadap Individual Competitive Productivity: Peran Mediasi Work Engagement, Organizational Commitment, dan Job Autonomy”, Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 8(2), pp. 1280-1294. doi: 10.38035/rrj.v8i2.2010.
References
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Baser, M. Y., Buyukbese, T., & Ivanov, S. (2024). The effect of STARA awareness on hotel employees’ turnover intention and work engagement: the mediating role of perceived organizational support. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-12-2023-0925.
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Byrne, S. Z. (2022). Understanding Employee Engagement. Theory, Research, and Practice, 2nd Edition. Routledge, New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003171133.
Clausen, T., Meldgaard Pedersen, L. R., Andersen, M. F., Theorell, T., & Madsen, I, E. H. (2022). Job autonomy and psychological well-being: A linear or a non-linear association?. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(3), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1972973.
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David Yeonjun, K., Moo Hur, W., & Shin, Y. (2023). Smart technology and service employees’ job crafting: Relationship between STARA awareness, performance pressure, receiving and giving help, and job crafting. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103282.
Deepika, J., Boxall, P., Cheung, G. W., & Hutchison, A. (2022). How do work engagement and work autonomy affect job crafting and performance? An analysis in an Indian manufacturer. Personnel Review, 52(8), 2008-2024. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2019-0646.
Frank Nana, K. O., & Ahmed Rather, N. (2024). Human resource development practices and employee engagement: the mediating role of organizational commitment. Rajagiri Management Journal, 18(3), 202-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAMJ-09-2023-0267.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Jaleel, A., & Sarmad, M. (2023). Inclusive leader and job crafting: the role of work engagement and job autonomy in service sector organisations. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-12-2022-0361.
Jia, J., Wu, L., Xie, Y., He, X., Ren Y., & Xu, S. (2024). A meta-analysis of the antecedents of flexible work arrangements utilization: based on Job demands- resources model. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2024.2326843.
Jiang, P. (2024). STARA Awareness: Work Stressors in the Age of Industry 4.0. Academic Journal of Science and Technology, 10(1), 411-414. https://doi.org/10.54097/fajref68.
Kraus, K., Kraus., N., Hryhorkiv, M., Kuzmuk, I., & Shtepa, O. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Established of Industry 4.0. WSEAS Transactions on business and economics. https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2022.19.170.
Li Ding. (2021). Employees’ challenge-hindrance appraisals toward STARA awareness and competitive productivity: a micro-level case. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(9), 2950-2969. https://doi/org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2020-1038.
Lim Tan, K., Gabriel, C. W., Ivy, S. H., & Wenqian Zhu. (2024). STARA fight or flight: a two-wave time-lagged study of challenge and hindrance appraisal of STARA awareness on basic psychological needs and individual competitiveness productivity among hospitality employees. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2224550.
Liu, J., Ruofan, X., & Ziwei, W. (2024). The efects of psychological capital, work engagement and job autonomy on job performance in platform fexible employees. Scientifc Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69484-3.
Lyons, P., & Bandura, R. (2024). Work engagement interventions linked to employee learning and improvement. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(3), 181-195. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-08-2023-0061.
Minkyung, L., & Boyoung, K. (2023). Effect of employee experience on organizational commitment: Case of South Korea. Behaviour Science, (13),521. https:doi.org/10.3390/bs13070521.
Moo Hur, W., & Shin, Y. (2024). Service employees’ STARA awareness and proactive service performance. Journal of Services Marketing, 38(4), 426–442. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-03-2023-0115.
Nandy. (2021). Pengertian asuransi lengkap, manfaat, fitur, hingga jenis-jenis asuransi. Gramedia. https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/pengertian-asuransi/.
Nwankpa, J. K., & Roumani, Y. F. (2023). Remote work, employee productivity and innovation: the moderating roles of knowledge sharing and digital business intensity. Journal of Knowledge Management, 28(6), 1793-1818. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-12-2022-0967.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2023). OJK dorong penerapan tata kelola digital di sektor keuangan. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/info-terkini/Pages/OJK- Dorong-Penerapan-Tata-Kelola-Digital-di-Sektor-Jasa-Keuangan.aspx
Qureshi, T. M., Yasin Ghadi, M., & Sindhu, M. (2024). Examining the influence of continuance performance management on turnover intention: exploring the mediating effects of employee motivation and job autonomy – a practical study in the banking industry in Dubai. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(3), 148-165. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-09-2023-0066.
Yang Kao, K., Hsin Hsu, H., Thomas, C. L., Chuan Cheng, Y., Ting Lin, M., & Feng Li, H. (2021). Motivating employees to speak up: Linking job autonomy, P-O fit, and employee voice behaviors through work engagement. Current Psychology, 41:7762–7776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01222-0.
Yufan Sunny, Q. (2024). How internal listening inspires remote employee engagement: examining the mediating effects of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment. Journal of Communication Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-11-2023-0117.
Azhari, M. T., Bahri, A. F., Asrul., & Rafida. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Bakel, M., Noesgaard, M. S., & Michailova, S. (2024). Willing to go the extra mile: an exploration of antecedents of assigned expatriates’ work engagement. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 12(3), 369-393. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-11-2023-0075.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verge, A. S. (2022). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Ten years later. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 10, 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920053933.
Baser, M. Y., Buyukbese, T., & Ivanov, S. (2024). The effect of STARA awareness on hotel employees’ turnover intention and work engagement: the mediating role of perceived organizational support. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-12-2023-0925.
Bashir, I., Qureshi, I. H., & Ilyas, Z. (2023). How does employee financial well-being influence employee productivity: a moderated mediating examination. International Journal of Social Economics. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-09- 2023-0676.
BI Institute. (2022). Inklusi Keuangan Digital Dorong Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. https://www.bi.go.id/id/bi-institute/BI-Epsilon/Pages/Inklusi-Keuangan-Digital- Dorong-Pertumbuhan-Ekonomi.aspx.
Byrne, S. Z. (2022). Understanding Employee Engagement. Theory, Research, and Practice, 2nd Edition. Routledge, New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003171133.
Clausen, T., Meldgaard Pedersen, L. R., Andersen, M. F., Theorell, T., & Madsen, I, E. H. (2022). Job autonomy and psychological well-being: A linear or a non-linear association?. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(3), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1972973.
Databoks. (2024). Daftar Teknologi yang Dibutuhkan Industri Fintech Indonesia. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2024/08/02/daftar-teknologi-yang- dibutuhkan-industri-fintech-indonesia.
David Yeonjun, K., Moo Hur, W., & Shin, Y. (2023). Smart technology and service employees’ job crafting: Relationship between STARA awareness, performance pressure, receiving and giving help, and job crafting. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103282.
Deepika, J., Boxall, P., Cheung, G. W., & Hutchison, A. (2022). How do work engagement and work autonomy affect job crafting and performance? An analysis in an Indian manufacturer. Personnel Review, 52(8), 2008-2024. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2019-0646.
Frank Nana, K. O., & Ahmed Rather, N. (2024). Human resource development practices and employee engagement: the mediating role of organizational commitment. Rajagiri Management Journal, 18(3), 202-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAMJ-09-2023-0267.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Jaleel, A., & Sarmad, M. (2023). Inclusive leader and job crafting: the role of work engagement and job autonomy in service sector organisations. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-12-2022-0361.
Jia, J., Wu, L., Xie, Y., He, X., Ren Y., & Xu, S. (2024). A meta-analysis of the antecedents of flexible work arrangements utilization: based on Job demands- resources model. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2024.2326843.
Jiang, P. (2024). STARA Awareness: Work Stressors in the Age of Industry 4.0. Academic Journal of Science and Technology, 10(1), 411-414. https://doi.org/10.54097/fajref68.
Kraus, K., Kraus., N., Hryhorkiv, M., Kuzmuk, I., & Shtepa, O. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Established of Industry 4.0. WSEAS Transactions on business and economics. https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2022.19.170.
Li Ding. (2021). Employees’ challenge-hindrance appraisals toward STARA awareness and competitive productivity: a micro-level case. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(9), 2950-2969. https://doi/org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2020-1038.
Lim Tan, K., Gabriel, C. W., Ivy, S. H., & Wenqian Zhu. (2024). STARA fight or flight: a two-wave time-lagged study of challenge and hindrance appraisal of STARA awareness on basic psychological needs and individual competitiveness productivity among hospitality employees. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2224550.
Liu, J., Ruofan, X., & Ziwei, W. (2024). The efects of psychological capital, work engagement and job autonomy on job performance in platform fexible employees. Scientifc Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69484-3.
Lyons, P., & Bandura, R. (2024). Work engagement interventions linked to employee learning and improvement. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(3), 181-195. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-08-2023-0061.
Minkyung, L., & Boyoung, K. (2023). Effect of employee experience on organizational commitment: Case of South Korea. Behaviour Science, (13),521. https:doi.org/10.3390/bs13070521.
Moo Hur, W., & Shin, Y. (2024). Service employees’ STARA awareness and proactive service performance. Journal of Services Marketing, 38(4), 426–442. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-03-2023-0115.
Nandy. (2021). Pengertian asuransi lengkap, manfaat, fitur, hingga jenis-jenis asuransi. Gramedia. https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/pengertian-asuransi/.
Nwankpa, J. K., & Roumani, Y. F. (2023). Remote work, employee productivity and innovation: the moderating roles of knowledge sharing and digital business intensity. Journal of Knowledge Management, 28(6), 1793-1818. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-12-2022-0967.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2023). OJK dorong penerapan tata kelola digital di sektor keuangan. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/info-terkini/Pages/OJK- Dorong-Penerapan-Tata-Kelola-Digital-di-Sektor-Jasa-Keuangan.aspx
Qureshi, T. M., Yasin Ghadi, M., & Sindhu, M. (2024). Examining the influence of continuance performance management on turnover intention: exploring the mediating effects of employee motivation and job autonomy – a practical study in the banking industry in Dubai. Industrial and Commercial Training, 56(3), 148-165. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-09-2023-0066.
Yang Kao, K., Hsin Hsu, H., Thomas, C. L., Chuan Cheng, Y., Ting Lin, M., & Feng Li, H. (2021). Motivating employees to speak up: Linking job autonomy, P-O fit, and employee voice behaviors through work engagement. Current Psychology, 41:7762–7776. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01222-0.
Yufan Sunny, Q. (2024). How internal listening inspires remote employee engagement: examining the mediating effects of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment. Journal of Communication Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-11-2023-0117.