Analisa Produktivitas Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Afdeling IV Kebun Baru PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional VI
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Published
Jun 12, 2026
Abstract
This study examines the productivity of oil palm plantations in Afdeling IV Kebun Baru, Langsa City, Aceh. Oil palm is an important plantation commodity in Indonesia that plays a significant role in the national economy, providing employment, and producing vegetable oil and alternative fuels. Plant productivity is influenced by several factors such as rainfall, temperature, land suitability, fertilization, pest attacks, and production labor. The study was conducted using a descriptive method with secondary data collection in Afdeling IV Kebun Baru PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional VI. The data analyzed included rainfall, plantation production, labor, fertilization, and land conditions in 2023–2025. The results showed that rainfall conditions in Afdeling IV were classified as unstable. 2025 had the highest rainfall of 2,237 mm with two dry months, while 2023 and 2024 experienced four dry months. Unstable rainfall causes a decrease in production because it affects the formation of fresh fruit bunches (FFB), harvesting activities, road conditions, and the quality of production results. Production data shows that production realization in several years did not reach the RKAP target, especially in 2025, which experienced the largest production decline. The 2010–2012 planting year had higher productivity and average bunch weight (AGBW) compared to the young planting year, but in general, AGBW decreased each year. In addition to climate factors, the decline in productivity was also influenced by attacks by long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), which caused shrinkage of FFB and a decrease in AGBW. Controlled efforts have been carried out through the installation of traps, but the results have not been effective because the plantation location is directly adjacent to a forest area. Other factors affecting productivity are fertilization and production labor. Fertilization is carried out twice a year using Urea, Dolomite, MOP, TSP, and NPK Mutiara fertilizers according to the company's standard dosage. Meanwhile, the harvesting workforce in Afdeling IV numbered 20 people with a contract basis adjusted based on the planting year and average bunch weight of the plants. Overall, the study concluded that oil palm productivity in Afdeling IV Kebun Baru is influenced by environmental factors, particularly rainfall, pest infestation, fertilizer effectiveness, and labor. The results of this study indicate that efforts to increase oil palm productivity require management strategies that can adapt to changing climate conditions as well as the implementation of integrated and sustainable pest control.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta :
Penulis yang mempublikasikan manuskripnya di jurnal ini menyetujui ketentuan berikut:
- Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
- Penulis mengakui bahwa Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development berhak menjadi yang pertama menerbitkan dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0) .
- Penulis dapat mengirimkan artikel secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-eksklusif manuskrip yang telah diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini ke versi lain (misalnya, dikirim ke repositori institusi penulis, publikasi ke dalam buku, dll.), dengan mengakui bahwa manuskrip telah diterbitkan pertama kali di Ranah Research.
References
Ahmady, I. (2023). I. Latar belakang 1.1 tanaman kelapa sawit.
Amzah, A., I., Wirianata, H. & Rahayu, E. (2022). Pengaruh populasi tanaman terhadap produksi kelapa sawit 1–7.
Barat, A., Selatan, A., & Nugini, P. (2013). II. Tinjauan pustaka 2.1 Botani tanaman kelapa sawit. 4–10.
Bayu. (2012). Botani tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) klasifikasi tanaman kelapa sawit, 1–11.
Djosep, H., & Hariyadi. Agronomi, D., Pertanian, F., & Bogor, I. P. (2019). No Title. 7(3), Manajemen panen kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Seruyan estate, Kebun Minamas, Kalimantan Tengah. 311–318.
Dyah, W., Parwati, U., Nadeak, F. H., & Kautsar, V. (2024). Analisis pertumbuhan dan produktivitas kelapa Sawit pada variasi kerapatan tanam (Analysis of growth and productivity of oil palm under variations in planting density). 12(2), 105–116.
Efendi, Z., & Ramon, E. (2019). Peningkatan produktivitas kelapa sawit dengan pemberian pupuk kompos dan biourine sapi di Desa Margo Mulyo Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. AGRITEPA: Jurnal ilmu dan teknologi pertanian, 6(2), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.37676/agritepa.v6i2.879.
Ekonomi, F., & Bisnis, D. A. N. (2018). Institut agama islam negeri.
Elaeis, S., Afdeling, D. I., Bah, I. K., & Ulu, B. (2021). Agro estate jurnal budidaya perkebunan kelapa sawit dan karet "Analisa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV".
Elvandari, R., Pieter, A., Agronomi, D., Pertanian, F., & Bogor, I. P. (2016). Manajemen panen kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Adolina, Serdang Berdagai, Sumatera Utara. No Title. 4(2), 144–154.
Fhad, A., Harahap, S., & Munir, M. (2022). "Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) pada berbagai afdeling di Kebun Bah Jambi PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV". 9(1), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2022.009.1.11.
Fikri, A., Hastuti, P. B., & Firmansyah, E. (2023). Pengaruh topografi terhadap produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit pada panen perdana. Agroforetech, 1(3), 1358–1367.
Gordon. (2019). رBab 2 tinjauan pustaka. Pontificia universidad catolica del peru, 8(33), 44.
Hikmahwan, I. R., Agroteknologi, P. S., Pertanian, F., Peternakan, D. A. N., Islam, U., Sultan, N., & Kasim, S. (2021). "Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas kelapa sawit".
Issue, V., Wandana, F. A., Hamid, A., Wahyuni, S., & Dhora, A. (2024). JUTIN: Jurnal teknik industri terintegrasi dampak perubahan iklim terhadap produktivitas kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di PT Inti Indosawit Subur Desa Delima Jaya Koperasi Mulus Rahayu. 7(4), 2511–2517.
Kholil Abrori, M. (2023). TA Muhammad Kholil Abrori 19.05.109. "Analisis faktor-faktor produktivitas kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)".
Lubis, I. (2016). II. Tinjauan pustaka 2.1. Botani tanaman kelapa sawit kelapa sawit yang dibudidayakan terdiri dari dua jenis: 19–43. http://repository.uma.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/380/5/128210080_file5.pdf.
Lubis, M. F., & Lubis, I. (2018). Analisis produksi kelapa sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Buatan, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Buletin Agrohorti, 6(2), 281–286. https://doi.org/10.29244/agrob.v6i2.18945.
Mahyendra, S., Hariyadi, & Maharijaya, A. (2023). Evaluasi teknis dan manejerial kegiatan pemupukan kelapa sawit di Kabupaten Landak, Kalimantan Barat. 193–203.
Panggabean, M., S., & Purwono. (2017) Manajemen pemupukan tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di pelantaran agro estate, Kalimantan Tengah Management of oil palm fertilization in pelantaran agro estate, Center Kalimantan. 5(3), 316–324.
Prayitno, S., Indradewa, D., Sunaminto, H., B. (2008). Produktivitas kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) 8013(2), 59–63.
Siahaan, M., & Wijaya, H. (2020). Strategi Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Melalui Pendekatan Manajemen Blok di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Skala Luas. Jurnal Agro Estate, 4(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.47199/jae.v4i1.117.
Suryani, E., Tafakresnanto, C., Ritung, S., Mulyani, A., Nugroho, K., Sulaeman, Y., Apriyana, Y., & Pramudia, A. (2016). Pedoman penilaian kesesuaian lahan untuk komoditas pertanian strategis tingkat semi detail skala 1:50. 000.
Tjokrokusumo, W., S. (2002). Kelas kesesuaian lahan sebagai dasar pengembangan pertanian ramah lingkungan di daerah aliran sungai. 3(2), 136–143.
Unbari, R., (2021). Serangan hama monyet ekor panjang (macaca fascicularis).
Wa'di, S., K., Meilin, A. & Nasamsir. Pertanian, J. M., Kabupaten, R., & Jambi, M. (2025). Jagro. 10(April), 46–56.
Widianto, I., Wirianata, H., Nugraha, T., & Santosa, B. (2023). Pengaruh Curah Hujan terhadap Produksi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit pada Topografi yang Berbeda. 1(September), 1535–1544.